NVIDIA Spectrum-X 以太网：重写大规模 AI 网络规则
原标题：Giga-Scale AI and the Ethernet Evolution: How Spectrum-X Ethernet Rewrites the Rules
AI 摘要
NVIDIA 发布了 Spectrum-X 以太网架构，专为大规模 AI 工厂设计，通过硬件加速的交换机和网卡协同设计，解决传统以太网在 AI 训练中的瓶颈。该架构采用自适应路由、硬件拥塞控制和平面负载均衡，在多租户场景下将训练步进时间稳定在 668 毫秒，而传统以太网在噪声流量下延迟至 1.18 秒。这显著提升了 AI 训练的性能和隔离性。
正文节选
The massive growth of generative AI has fundamentally altered data center design. As distributed model training scales to span hundreds of thousands of GPUs, the scale-out network connecting these nodes has emerged as a first-order performance bottleneck. For decades, traditional off-the-shelf Ethernet has been the undisputed king of enterprise and cloud networking. It is cheap, standardized, and highly effective at handling general-purpose, high-entropy web traffic. However, when traditional Et