如何让 AI 更环保：可持续性应成为架构顶层考量
原标题：How to Make Artificial Intelligence More Environmentally Sustainable
AI 摘要
Charles Humble 在 GOTO Copenhagen 演讲中提出「绿色 AI」，主张可持续性应成为架构设计的顶层考量。他引用 IEA 数据指出，亚马逊、微软、谷歌、Meta 的合计用电量在 2017 至 2021 年间翻倍，微软 2024 年环境报告显示其碳排放自 2020 年上升 30%，谷歌自 2019 年上升约 50%，主因是 AI 数据中心扩张。他建议优先使用预训练或更小的模型、在低碳电力丰富地区运行计算、用可再生能源训练，并通过需求转移与需求塑形降低碳足迹。
正文节选
IT is responsible for about 2 - 4% of all global emissions, and electricity use at Microsoft and Google has climbed because of AI, according to their own reports. Charles Humble spoke about Green AI at GOTO Copenhagen, where he argued sustainability ought to be a top-level architectural concern. Amongst his recommendations: use pre-built and smaller models, run compute where low-carbon electricity is abundant, and train on renewable energy. Humble quoted the International Energy Agency (IEA), wh